4 Coal Mining and Processing | Coal: Research and
#0183;#32;Removal of the mineral matter (or ash), 3 which is largely noncombustible and may constitute up to 65 percent of the raw coal, increases the heating value of the coal on a mass basis. 4 Although some combustible material is lost as part of the cleaning process, the removal of unwanted material reduces the mass and volume of coal for a given heating value thereby reducing shipping